When multiple traffic flows pass through a router, the default behavior is usually very simple. Packets are processed in the order they arrive, without any awareness of the type of traffic or its importance. This behavior works fine until the network becomes busy. If one application starts sending a large amount of traffic, it can…

When we design networks, we usually assume that all traffic is treated equally. Routers forward packets as fast as possible, without considering the type of application or its requirements. But what happens when the network becomes congested? In real networks, not all traffic is equal. Some applications are very sensitive to delay and packet loss.…